Findings / Reports

Our Timeline

Early 2018

Starting the conversation with155 transportation stakeholders in Delaware and Pennsylvania.

2018 -2019

Bringing the trucking industry to the table with 44 commercial vehicles

Mid 2019

Public opinion surveys of 1,000 people in Delaware and Pennsylvania.

2020-2021

Expanding the exploration of MBUF

2022

Continuing the Exploration of MBUF

International Truck Pilot Highlights the Need for a Transparent and Scalable Approach that Links Road Use and Payment

Mileage-Based User Fees:
2022 International Truck Pilot

Final Report – September 12, 2023

2022: Continuing the Exploration of MBUF

0 States

Geographic Equity Analysis in Delaware, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania

Continuing our work with passenger and commercial vehicles, we’re expanding our study of the MBUF system to explore:

Geographic and socioeconomic impact of MBUF.
Offering passenger vehicle drivers mileage reporting options, including manual, telematics, and plug-in devices with and without GPS.
Expanded fleet diversity for commercial vehicles.
U.S.-Canada cross-border travel for commercial vehicles.
MBUF rate-setting for passenger and commercial vehicles.
Effective education and outreach about MBUF with both stakeholders and the general public.

Geographic Equity Analysis in Delaware, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania

2022: Continuing the Exploration of MBUF

National Truck Pilot
State Passenger Vehicle Pilots
Tolling Entity-Led Pilot

2020-2021: Expanding the Exploration of MBUF

221 commercial vehicles in the National Truck Pilot

11 million miles traveled through the 48 contiguous U.S.
6 months

2,000 public opinion surveys in Delaware, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania

383 transportation stakeholders in Delaware, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania passenger vehicle pilot

1.45 million miles traveled through 27 states
10% out-of-state miles
6 months

192 tolling customers and members of the general public in Northern Virginia passenger vehicle pilot

500,000 miles traveled through 29 states
20% out-of-state miles
4 months

Key Findings

Understanding the complexity of the user matters.
- Trucks are heavy users of our roads, heavy payers of transportation taxes and tolls, and heavily regulated.
- Depending on how rates are set, rural passenger vehicle drivers may fare better with MBUF.
Real-world pilots reduce privacy concerns.
Leveraging technology creates solutions.
A tiered rate based on MPG doesn’t work.
Customized outreach is needed to move MBUF forward.

Read the full report on the 2020-2021 Mileage-Based User Fee Work or view highlights of the findings in the accompanying fact sheet.

2019: Adding the Public's Voice

2000000

3.1 million miles traveled
through 42 States

300

participants from the general public in Delaware and Pennsylvania

600

public opinion surveys in Delaware and Pennsylvania

Read the full report on the 2019 Passenger Vehicle Pilot or view highlights of the findings in the accompanying fact sheet.

Public opinion surveys of 1,000 people in Delaware and Pennsylvania. Pilots with 889 members of the general public in Delaware and Pennsylvania.

Pilots help close the knowledge gap by providing real-world experiences about how the transportation system is funded.
Change is hard for drivers and states who must adjust to a new revenue collection system.
MBUF transforms drivers into customers and as a result, will change how transportation infrastructure owners approach their system users.
“Pay for what you use” resonates, but it’s complicated. In general, people like a “pay for what you use” model, but they have misperceptions about MBUF’s fairness toward some vehicles.
Pilots provide useful information for rate-setting policies. Pilots provide the opportunity to examine per-mile rate structures and gather information that can help inform future policy decisions.

2018 - 2019: Bringing the Trucking Industry to the Table

commercial vehicle participants

500000

1.4 million miles traveled
through 27 States & Canada

months

Read the full report on the 2018-2019 Truck Pilot or view highlights of the findings in the accompanying fact sheet.

Bringing the trucking industry to the table with 55 commercial vehicles.

Bringing the trucking industry’s voice to the conversation is essential.
Trucks cannot simply be treated as big cars in an MBUF system.
Existing regulations provide guidance for MBUF implementation.
One rate for all trucks doesn’t work.
There is a need for further education and outreach.

2018: Starting the Conversation

transportation stakeholder participants

300000

miles traveled through 13 states

0 %

out-of-state miles

Read the full report on the 2018 Passenger Vehicle Pilot or view highlights of the findings in the 2018 fact sheet.

Starting the conversation with155 transportation stakeholders in Delaware and Pennsylvania.

Pilots are an integral part of the education and outreach effort.
GPS-enabled MBUF technologies can accurately record miles driven and the amount of fuel used, and can also differentiate this information by state.
MBUF technologies can be used to also collect tolls; however, enhancements are needed to improve effectiveness.
Value-added amenities had mixed reactions among participants, but some saw value.
Based on detailed analyses conducted in several Western states, the fairness of MBUF to rural drivers relative to urban drivers may not be an issue.
Administrative and compliance costs for MBUF will likely be higher than the fuel tax, at least initially. However, based on financial analyses, these additional costs can be incorporated into the per-mile MBUF rate.
The principle of fairness seems to resonate with people. However, several potential equity issues should be considered when setting the per-mile MBUF rate.

Reports & Tech Memos

FEATURED WORK

Exploration of Mileage-Based User Fee Approaches for All Users (2022) – Read the report on the Coalition’s Phase 3 work, including the nation’s first National Truck Pilot, the 2020-2021 State Passenger Vehicle Pilot, the Tolling Entity-Led Pilot, and the Geographic Equity Analysis.

Exploration of Mileage-Based User Fee Approaches for All Users – Fact Sheet (2022) – Read the findings on the Coalition’s Phase 3 work, including the nation’s first National Truck Pilot, the 2020-2021 State Passenger Vehicle Pilot, the Tolling Entity-Led Pilot, and the Geographic Equity Analysis.

March 2021 Fact Sheet – Read findings about our passenger vehicle and multi-state motor carrier work.

PASSENGER VEHICLE PILOT FINDINGS

2019 Passenger Vehicle Pilot-Report– Read the Phase 2 final report on the Coalition’s 2019 Passenger Vehicle Pilot in Delaware and Pennsylvania.

2019 Pilot Fact Sheet – Read about the findings from the Phase II pilot in Delaware and Pennsylvania.

2018 Pilot Executive Summary – Read the Phase 1 final report Executive Summary about the findings from the Coalition’s Phase 1 pilot.

2018 Pilot Final Report – Read the Phase 1 final report on the Coalition’s Phase 1 pilot.

2018 Pilot Fact Sheet – Read about the findings from the Phase I pilot.

MOTOR CARRIER PILOT FINDINGS

2018-2019 Truck Pilot Fact Sheet – Get a quick overview of the nation’s first multi-state truck pilot.

2018-2019 Truck Pilot Executive Summary – Read a summary of the findings and key results from the nation’s first multi-state truck pilot.

2018-2019 Truck Pilot Final Report – Read all the details about the nation’s first multi-state truck pilot.

2018-2019 Truck Pilot Report Announcement – Read about the highlights and reactions to the nation’s first multi-state truck pilot.

TECH MEMOS

The Technical Memorandums (Tech Memos) below highlight several issues related to MBUF systems.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Overview of MBUF and the Eastern Seaboard – Background information on why the Coalition is focused on bringing the Eastern Seaboard voice into MBUF exploration

Overview of MBUF and Motor Carriers – Background information on why the Coalition is focused on bringing the motor carrier voice into MBUF exploration.